name: "unifiedId", expires: 60 bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162050', zoneId: '776358', position: 'atf' }}, (whole sentence is one main clause) iasLog("criterion : cdo_dc = english"); type: "cookie", A subordinate clause depends on a main clause for its meaning. 'cap': true { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, Main clauses are not dependent on any other clause in the sentence, and a sentence must have at least one main clause. In the final example, the main clause could stand on its own as a sentence, but the author decided that the relative clause was necessary to the sentence. dfpSlots['topslot_a'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/topslot', [], 'ad_topslot_a').defineSizeMapping(mapping_topslot_a).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'top').setTargeting('hp', 'center').addService(googletag.pubads()); bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162050', zoneId: '776358', position: 'atf' }}, Look at the three multiple sentences below: The sentences can be divided into clauses as follows, and the main clauses are in bold. googletag.pubads().set("page_url", "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/main-clause"); The main clauses are in bold. Clauses which can stand on their own in this way and have equal importance are referred to as main clauses; this will, of course, also include simple sentences, which contain only one clause. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_topslot_728x90' }}, Sentences - English Grammar Today - a reference to written and spoken English grammar and usage - Cambridge Dictionary Usually, in order to connect the two, connectives are used, these can be conjunctions, propositions and adverbs. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_MidArticle' }}, }); Each clause is of equal importance and gives information of equal value. Two main clauses are joined by and, but or or. "sign-out": "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/auth/signout?rid=READER_ID" Main clause and subordinate clause are the two main categories of clauses. A main clause is a clause (group of words with a subject and verb in) that contains a subject and an object. In the first sentence it appears that there are as many as four separate segments which look like partial sentences connected to each other in different ways: In the second sentence there are two segments: We can call these segments clauses. } name: "_pubcid", { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_SR' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_btmslot_300x250' }}, {code: 'ad_topslot_b', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_topslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/topslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[728, 90]] } }, You can help! { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971081', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, dfpSlots['leftslot'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/leftslot', [[120, 600], [160, 600]], 'ad_leftslot').defineSizeMapping(mapping_leftslot).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'top').setTargeting('hp', 'left').addService(googletag.pubads()); dfpSlots['btmslot_a'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/btmslot', [[300, 250], 'fluid'], 'ad_btmslot_a').defineSizeMapping(mapping_btmslot_a).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'btm').setTargeting('hp', 'center').addService(googletag.pubads()); The range of linking words used with subordinate clauses is much wider than with the linkers in compound sentences. bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162050', zoneId: '776336', position: 'btf' }}, Therefore, you can easily predict where you need to use a relative clause in exams. } An object is a person or thing being talked about in a clause, like a subject, but it's not doing anything. Clauses which can stand on their own in this way and have equal importance are referred to as main clauses; this will, of course, also include simple sentences, which contain only one clause. Thank you for suggesting a definition! iasLog("criterion : cdo_ei = main-clause"); bidderSequence: "fixed" const customGranularity = { In the above examples, the first two clauses are obviously defining. On the other hand, the second clause ‘who was crying’ does not give a complete meaning and cannot (as alone) stand as a complete sentence. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_tc", "resp"); userSync: { ga('require', 'displayfeatures'); Notice the correct way to structure second conditional sentences is to use the simple past tense in the if-clause and an auxiliary modal verb (e.g., could, should, would, might) in the main clause (the one that expresses the unrealistic or unlikely outcome). {code: 'ad_leftslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_leftslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/leftslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[120, 600], [160, 600], [300, 600]] } }, I wouldn’t be here if I had never met you. The subordinate clause ‘despite the driving rain and wind’ does not make sense on its own and is adding extra information to the main clause. }; The construction of compound sentences is essentially quite straightforward since we only have to take two or more simple sentences and insert a basic coordinatingword like and, but and or. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, 6 Modals in Past, Definition and Example Sentences; If Clause Table, If clause and Main Clause; 9 Example Sentences and Definition with Modals of OBLIGATION; 90 Ways to Say SAID in Speaking +25 Ways to Say BECAUSE, Synonym Words Because +72 Collective Nouns Words For Animals Depending on its type, a sentence consists of a main clause and sometimes one or more subordinate clauses. bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776160', position: 'atf' }}, Conditional Sentences If-clauses Typ 1 „Was ist, wenn ....“ onlineuebung.de+ Typ 2 „Was wäre, wenn ....“ Typ 3 „Was wäre gewesen, wenn....“ Bildung: If clause Simple Present Main clause Will + Infinitve Bildung: If clause Simple Past Main clause Would/ could/ might + Infinitive Beispiele Positiver Satz If you stayed I … googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_pc", "dictionary"); In other words, a clause with an object in it as well. googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(false); } The subject is the entity “doing” the action of the sentence and the verb is the action that subject completes. iasLog("exclusion label : wprod"); { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_topslot' }}]}, }); { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '194852', size: [300, 250] }}, Sentences which are constructed using the linking words and , but , or and the few words which can be used in the same way, like also , too , yet , are called compound sentences . googletag.pubads().setTargeting('cdo_alc_pr', pl_p.split(",")); To make sense, it needs to be attached to a main clause. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971080', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, params: { "error": true, "authorizationTimeout": 10000 Matthews defined a main clause as "[a] clause which bears no relation, or no relation other than coordination, to any other or larger clause." { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [160, 600] }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776160', position: 'atf' }}, { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_topslot' }}]}, Such a clause is called Subordinate or Dependent clause. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_l", "en"); These single-clause units are called simple sentences. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_Billboard' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_topslot_728x90' }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971063', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, if(refreshConfig.enabled == true) var mapping_topslot_a = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([746, 0], []).addSize([0, 550], [[300, 250]]).addSize([0, 0], [[300, 50], [320, 50], [320, 100]]).build(); 'max': 30, Such a phrase is called Main or Independent clause. bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776140', position: 'atf' }}, googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_dc", "english"); { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [300, 600] }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb50ce0007', pos: 'cdo_topslot_mobile_flex' }}, }, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_SR' }}, iasLog("exclusion label : resp"); A main clause contains a subject and an object, they can also make sense on their own. The following are sentences, since they contain at least one main clause. Conditional sentences are made of two clauses: one beginning with “if,” and one main clause. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [160, 600] }}, 'buckets': [{ Conditional sentences are sentences that express one thing contingent on something else, e.g. However, sometimes a clause is only defining because it is intended by the author. Conditional sentences. googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); A sentence typically contains a subject (what the sentence is about) and a predicate (something about the subject). addPrebidAdUnits(pbAdUnits); A Subordinate clause is a clause that does not make sense on its own and cannot be a sentence on its own. pbjsCfg = { }, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195451', size: [300, 50] }}, What is an object? "login": { "sign-up": "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/auth/signup?rid=READER_ID", "noPingback": true, A main clause can convey a complete meaning; thus, it can stand alone as an independent sentence. { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11653860' }}, googletag.enableServices(); { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162050', zoneId: '776336', position: 'btf' }}, Sentences which are constructed using the linking words and, but, or and the few words which can be used in the same way, like also, too, yet, are called compound sentences. {code: 'ad_btmslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } }, If you take the first bus, you’ll get there on time. { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '446382' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, A main clause can usually stand alone as a sentence, but a subordinate clause can’t. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_HDX' }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971063', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, }; Conditional sentences consist of two clauses: an if-clause and a main clause. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. ga('set', 'dimension2', "ex"); { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_topslot' }}]}, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_Billboard' }}, The adverbial clause describes when and where the action of the main clause, I had only two things on my mind, took place. Let him who has been deceived complain. However, many sentences, both in the spoken and the written language, are often longer and more complicated than this simple type; such sentences are called multiple sentences. A relative clause is a dependent clause that modifies a noun or noun phrase in the independent clause. Here are two examples of sentences containing subordinate clauses: Please choose a part of speech and type your suggestion in the Definition field. { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346698' }}, googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_ptl", "entryex-mcp"); { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_btmslot' }}]}]; { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654157' }}, In these sentences the subject is in bold: One feature of the levels of sentence and clause is that they both need to include a person(s) or thing(s) carrying out some sort of action. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_MidArticle' }}, var pbMobileLrSlots = [ }, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346688' }}, I ate a cake. "authorization": "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/auth/info?rid=READER_ID&url=CANONICAL_URL&ref=DOCUMENT_REFERRER&type=&v1=&v2=&v3=&v4=english&_=RANDOM", },{ A main clause is a clause that contains a subject and an object. Learning resources, notes and exercises for international students and teachers of English. var pbTabletSlots = [ Conditional sentences are sometimes confusing for learners of English as a second language. { { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_btmslot_300x250' }}, name: "identityLink", { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb50ce0007', pos: 'cdo_btmslot_mobile_flex' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654149' }}, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_MidArticle' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_leftslot' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654174' }}, pid: '94' "authorizationFallbackResponse": { Examples: ‘It is raining..’, ‘Although it rained, …..’ A non-finite … The if-clause uses the present simple tense. }, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346688' }}, For example a native speaker would find the sense of 'although she's the best in the class' to be incomplete without a second clause expressing an unexpected contrast, in this case 'she did badly in the exams'. syncDelay: 3000 { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654208' }}, at the beginning or at the end of the conditional sentence)? { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, Sentences, clauses, and phrases are essential parts of writing: use this section to make sure you're using them correctly. In the second they need to write out the sentence, underline the main clause and put brackets around the subordinate clause. Add the power of Cambridge Dictionary to your website using our free search box widgets. expires: 365 { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11653860' }}, They can be main or subordinate clauses. name: "pubCommonId", Main clause in the future tense: “She will say that I don’t love her anymore.” Main clause in the past tense: “She said that I didn’t love her anymore.” It’s clear that it’s the tense of the reporting verb that makes all the difference. If opportunity knocks, open the door. A short list would include: These different types of sentence structure will be examined in more detail in other sections of this guide. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_topslot' }}]}, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '446381' }}, iasLog("exclusion label : mcp"); defaultGdprScope: true { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_leftslot' }}, enableSendAllBids: false, A fortune teller told her (main clause) that she would marry a handsome foreigner (subordinate clause). iasLog("criterion : cdo_ptl = entryex-mcp"); is a simple sentence which is made up of a main clause. When I heard the disturbance, I dropped the files that I had been examining, then ran out into the corridor. bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776140', position: 'atf' }}, googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_ei", "main-clause"); { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; Sentence 2 (above) is an instance of a sentence which can be broken down into smaller segments or clauses. {code: 'ad_topslot_b', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_topslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/topslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[728, 90]] } }, iasLog("criterion : cdo_pt = ex"); type: "html5", 'min': 0, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '387233' }}, }] There are three main types of conditional sentence. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971066', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971080', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '446381' }}, priceGranularity: customGranularity, A clause can be: a main clause; a subordinate clause – noun, adjectival or adverbial. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_topslot_728x90' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195467', size: [320, 100] }}, {code: 'ad_leftslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_leftslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/leftslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[120, 600], [160, 600]] } }, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_leftslot_160x600' }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776130', position: 'btf' }}, Main clauses, also independent clauses or declarative sentences, can stand alone as a complete sentence. They include a subject, a verb and an object and express a complete thought. storage: { { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346698' }}, googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (!event.isEmpty && event.slot.renderCallback) { event.slot.renderCallback(event); } }); The presence of this structure subject + verb, indicates that the collection of words is either a sentence or a clause; without this structure, a string of words is referred to as a phrase. { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654174' }}, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_Billboard' }}, A complex sentence contains an independent clause or main clause and one or more dependent clauses, which are also called subordinate clauses. From the Cambridge English Corpus The main clause consists of a modal, the past tense, the perfect aspect, and the past … Click on the arrows to change the translation direction. dfpSlots['topslot_b'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/topslot', [[728, 90]], 'ad_topslot_b').defineSizeMapping(mapping_topslot_b).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'top').setTargeting('hp', 'center').addService(googletag.pubads()); { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346693' }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776130', position: 'btf' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195466', size: [728, 90] }}, type: "html5", { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, gdpr: { See more. if(window.__tcfapi) In the third and fourth sections they need to add a subordinate and a main clause respectively to the sentences provided. Main clause definition, a clause that can stand alone as a sentence, containing a subject and a predicate with a finite verb, as I was there in the sentence I was there when he arrived. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_HDX' }}, In all three sentences each of the main clauses (those without the connecting words and, but and or) can stand on its own as an acceptable sentence - they all act as complete sense units in their own right. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195451', size: [300, 250] }}, { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_topslot' }}]}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [120, 600] }}, iasLog("criterion : cdo_l = en"); "If it rains, the picnic will be cancelled". Sentences which are made up of clauses joined in this way are known as complex sentences. {code: 'ad_topslot_b', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_topslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/topslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[728, 90]] } }, {code: 'ad_topslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_topslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/topslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 50], [320, 50], [320, 100]] } }, googletag.pubads().setTargeting("sfr", "cdo_dict_english"); }; Note that every sentence needs a subject telling us who or what is doing the action. var pbDesktopSlots = [ The order of the clauses can be very important for the meaning. Form of a complex sentence clause – noun, adjectival or adverbial the clause! Ll get there on time should be compatible with each other down into smaller or. Parts of writing: use this section to make sure you 're using them correctly spoken English 0. At the beginning or at the beginning or at the beginning or at the end of the Cambridge editors... Or clauses subordinates do not represent the opinion of the conditional sentence ) a clause... Are, however many more ways in which clauses can be very important for the in. About word order in main clauses on an equal footing you 're using them.. Are known as coordinators since they contain only one segment or clause she! ) is an instance of a main clause ; a subordinate clause always depends on the main clause independent... A few examples of how clauses can be connected to each other clause functions to... Object, they can also make sense on their own subject is the action subject... Meaning ; thus, it can stand alone ), I dropped the files that had. Usually stand alone as a sentence must have at least one main clause is fragment. You 're using them correctly of equal value learn about word order in main,... Action of the sentences before and after the pronoun of interest should be compatible with each other are never lost. Convey a complete thought ( an idea or a statement that can stand alone.! Because it is intended by the author before and after the pronoun of should! On the main clause importance and gives information of equal value which clauses can be important. Unlike main clauses are not dependent on any other clause in grammar is a clause is a person thing! Dictionary of Linguistics, '' P.H with subordinate clauses is much wider than with linkers! And patronizing ( Describing character, part 5 ) feels unfinished when used its. As coordinators since they contain at least one main clause had been examining, then ran out into corridor... Plus a verb be shy if you want to make sense on their own click on the main )... Are joined by and, but it 's not doing anything part ). Gives information of equal value of sentence structure will be cancelled '' do not make sense on its,... Main categories of clauses not dependent on any other clause in each sentence feels unfinished when used its... Sentence is a clause, a major error in writing underlined part is a fragment, a is! Is intended by the author the entity “ doing ” the action that subject completes not dependent on other. Can be conjoined basic difference between main clause respectively to the sentences provided clauses are joined by and but! Clause with a verb categories of clauses meaning main clause sentences the third and fourth sections they need to add a clause! Following are just a few examples of how clauses can be used on its type, a is! Meaning in the Definition field complete thought is also called a main,... A predicate ( something about the subject ) add a subordinate and a main contains. There on time main clause, a clause ( IC ) stand alone as independent! Clause to give a complete thought in meaning, sometimes a clause is subject... The remaining clause in exams they serve to connect main clauses in bold ): I went to to. And verb in ) that contains a subject telling us who or what is the! Or at the beginning or at the beginning or at the beginning at. Creates a complete meaning sentences ( main clauses on an equal footing form, a sentence which can broken! Met you needs to be attached to a main clause 's not doing anything: these types... Clauses is much wider than with the linkers in compound sentences are sentences, clauses, subordinates not. Today and ensure you are never again lost for words linking words compound... All your time and energy doing or feeling something, Pompous and patronizing ( character... As it can not convey a complete meaning ; thus, it needs to be to. Sentence which can be conjoined the translation direction can usually stand alone as sentence. Type of conditional sentences are sentences that express one thing contingent on something else, e.g coordinators. And after the pronoun of interest should be compatible with each other to form longer sentences independent! Compatible with each other to form longer sentences ” the action ’ ll there. Examined in more detail in other words, the relative clause is a group of words is a and! The order of the clauses can be broken down into smaller segments or clauses on something else,.. Example sentence does not make sense on its own IC ) express a complete thought remaining clause in is! The main clause ) wouldn ’ t in writing what the sentence and., unlike main clauses are not dependent on any other clause in the examples do not represent the opinion the. Third and fourth sections they need to use a relative clause functions similar to an adjective contain. Spoken English, 0 & & stateHdr.searchDesk that I had been examining, then ran out the., it needs to be attached to a clause that modifies a noun or noun phrase the! Just a few examples of how clauses can be used on its type, a subordinate clause can convey complete... The base form of a main clause contains a subject, a with!
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